Malware

Computers and Data Storage: How Much Disk Storage Do You Really Need?

Even an “entry level” computer today usually includes an 80GB hard disk for data storage. But if this is an “entry level” computer, does this suggest that you, as an “experienced” computer user, really need more than 80GB on your hard drive?
Let’s consider what 80GB really translates into. To do this, we will need to make some assumptions. First, let’s suppose your operating system is XP Home Edition, which takes about 2.91 GB of your hard drive. Let’s further suppose you really love to take pictures and use the program, Adobe PhotoShop Elements TM to fix and store them.
This means you should have at least 75 GB left over to store your photos. If you store your photos in the JPEG (.jpg) format, they will probably average about 800 KB each – meaning you should be able to store at least 90,000 photos on that 80GB hard drive.
Here’s another for example. Let’s assume that instead of being nuts about photography, you’re a serious writer and use, as I do, the great, free program OpenOffice.org Writer. In this case, you will need about 3GB for XP and OpenOffice.org, leaving roughly 77GB for your documents. I calculate that a page in OpenOffice.org writer is normally requires about 34 KB or 34,000 bytes. Assuming this is true, you should be able to store more than 2 million, that’s right, 2 million pages and still have room left over.
When I purchased the computer I’m using now –about 18 months ago – I figured that I really needed disk space. So, I paid extra for a computer with a 160GB drive. Now, I use XP, OpenOffice.org, PhotoShop Elements and something like 60 other programs on my computer – as well as hundreds of graphic files — and have used only 29GBof storage space. I have nearly 124GB left over and, at this point, can’t even imagine ever using more than 4GB to 5GB more.
At this point, a fair question might be, so what? Hard drives are so cheap, why not buy a really big one? I suggest there are two answers to this. First, if you don’t need the capacity, why pay for it – even if it is cheap. Second, suppose you do buy a 160GB drive. How will you back it up? After all, hard disks can crash.
A better investment might be to buy two 80BG drives – and use the second one for backup.

There’s something else that’s great but costs nothing. It’s a new form of broadcast radio called HD Radio that enables AM and FM radio stations to broadcast their programs digitally. These digital broadcasts provide listeners with radically improved audio quality, more radio channels through multicasting, and new data services. To learn more about this amazing new technology, just go my Web site, http://www.hd-radio-home.com, to get all the buzz.
Douglas Hanna is a retired marketing executive and the author of numerous articles on HD radio, the Internet, computer technology and family finances.

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Become King Kong of The Inkjet Printer Cartridge Industry Using Domino Effect Theory Marketing

Once again you have another given opportunity to conquer your inkjet printer cartridge market. It’s up to you on how far you’re willing to travel.
Going above and beyond the marketing clouds is for profiting survivors only.
Are you a profiting survivor? Also, did you know that buried within the consumable market remains tentacles of cartridge information?
Only you have the ultimate power and ability to become the eighth wonder of multiple cartridge products.
After rafting through hours, days and weeks of remnant studies your superior marketing formula is discovered. It’s called Domino Effect Theory Marketing has been sought to bring you the easiest, simplest and quickest directions on dominating your printer cartridge market.
This formula empowers great methods of marketing and is formed to produce an inducing chemical in your inkjet cartridge business. This formula is compared to the depths of the deep sea ocean.
The Domino Effect Theory Marketing formula will allow you to qualify to wear the platinum ring of engagement. With this ring you are totally susceptible to having all of your colleagues promote and sell your printer cartridges like crazy and unbelievably watch the mountain of increase hop from one city to the next.
Yes, there will be some storming winds during your journey. All it is a test to see how determined and hungry you are to prey after your next marketing meal. Fill up your mind with ideas and roll them out on the table as if you were playing a game of dice.
The number of ideas you have will ultimately calculate your numbered chances at cartridge success. The way Domino Theory Marketing is configured is so you can maintain a well balanced infrastructure with your discounted printer inkjet cartridges.
The floodgates to heavenly profits will open as long as you continue to have an open mind. The layout is so well drawn; your cartridge sales will flow like the wind gusting through the trees as they produce fresh fruit. Your qualities of cartridges are the fresh fruit here.
Whatever you do, don’t sway away from researching this formula into further detail. The schematics of Domino Effect Theory Marketing formula patiently awaits its revelation to you and your business.
Your cartridge revenue will have similar patterns to that of a game of dominoes. The same way the dominoes fall symmetrically is the same way your cartridge sales will sail across an ocean runway the size of a tidal wave tsunami.
Rumor has it this unknown scientific marketing sketch has a roaring potential capable of exceeding your cartridge sales growth in spurts ranging between 20-33%.
Go and retrieve the remaining information to your one of a kind Domino Effect Theory Marketing formula. If milk does a body good then marketing should do your business great.

In description of, Joseph Mercado is known as The Internet Marketing Tyrant. He specializes in the consumable market involving studies on inkjet cartridges; http://www.InkSecrets.com

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Where to Buy a Good Inkjet Cartridge

If you own a printer then you are already familiar with the high costs of inkjet cartridges. These cartridges are, of course, essential for printing, but they don’t have to break your bank. Yet, in the search for inkjet cartridges, you may be left wondering where you can buy inexpensive ones. Let’s take a look at some of your shopping options.
First, you can purchase inkjet cartridges from your local department store. If your department store is having a sale, or if you have a coupon and your department store accepts coupons, you may want to purchase a few inkjet cartridges and stock up on them while the price is relatively low.
Alternatively, you can purchase inkjet cartridges at office supply stores. Nevertheless, be sure to compare the prices offered at office supply stores with that of prices in nearby department stores. Sometimes you will find that the cost of cartridges is cheaper at office supply stores and sometimes you will find the less expensive inkjet cartridges at department stores within the area. It always pays to shop around.
On the other hand, you may want to shop for inkjet cartridges on the Internet if you have access to the web. Shopping for cartridges on the Internet provides you with the opportunity to check prices at a number of places and thereby find the most inexpensive inkjet cartridges available. Plus, when shopping from the Internet for, you will have the unique benefit of shopping from home.
Conversely, inkjet cartridges purchased off the Internet can give a good deal only if the entire deal is good – in other words, if you get your cartridges really cheap but you have to pay ridiculous shipping and handling charges, then you are really not getting a good deal at all. Also, when ordering inkjet cartridges remember that you will not have them. In fact, it can take a few weeks to receive your order and if you require your cartridges immediately to produce a project or paper, you may want to visit your local department store or office supply store instead.
Finally, when purchasing inkjet cartridges, if you purchase generic brands it is important to read the packaging before completing your purchase. Don’t purchase inkjet cartridges that look like they will work with your computer based on the picture on the front of the packaging. Rather, read the packaging to make sure that the generic cartridges you have selected will actually work with the printer you own. In doing so, you will successfully avoid the hassle associated with having to return the purchase to the dealer, whether they were bought from the store, or from an Internet distributor.

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Michael Russell
Your Independent guide to Inkjet Cartridges
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WRT54g Linux Firmware Distributions

HYPERWRT Mission Statement is “HyperWRT is a power boost firmware for the Linksys WRT54G and WRT54GS router. The goal of this project is to add a limited set of features to the last Linksys firmware, extending its possibilities but staying close to the official firmware.”
HYPER-WRT – Installing this distribution is really a breeze with no head aches. Cool features for this distribution are:
With my old linksys firmware I was unable to VPN into my network. After I installed HYPER-WRT I had no problem. Also, I usually work off my laptop in the same area of my house and with the linksys firmware I had a “Good” signal according to windows. After I installed HYPER-WRT my windows signal jumped to excellent every time.
Installing HYPER-WRT was very easy, I reset my router to factory defaults, downloaded the latest HYPER-WRT firmware, connected to my router‘s web interface administration tab and pressed firmware upgrade. Then I browsed to the firmware bin files and pressed upgrade.
HYPERWRT turned out to be exactly what its authors intended, an easy to install, power boosting firmware. I would highly recommend using this firmware for any home or business network.
EWRT
EWRT is distributed by Portless Networks. This WRT54G firmware is packed with features meant for creating open wireless hotspots for business or neighborhoods. EWRT has many cool features: Drop bear SSH server (This provides secure access), a writeable jffs2 partition to store your content, great QOS (Quality of service), and NOCAT splash.
NoCat Splash is a captive portal which lets users connected to the wireless network receiving a dynamic IP address but all traffic is redirected to an internal web page. The webpage for EWRT just explains that this router is a wireless hotspot meant for public use and don’t abuse it, users must accept the agreement or they won’t have access to anything. You’re not stuck using Portless Networks web page because you can modify it for your liking.
QOS for a wireless hotspot is very important for managing how much bandwidth certain services are using. If a few users are hogging bandwidth then others will not have access to the internet thus ruining the hotspot.
Portless Networks intention was to create this router as a “Hotspot” in a box and they achieved this with flying colors. I was able to install EWRT through the web interface with no problems. I was able to VPN into my home network and used SSH to my Linux box. EWRT has all the latest security features such as WPA and WPA radius. I was able to use TINYPEAP as my radius server.. When I started NOCAT splash and connected to the internet I did receive an error “NO DATA ON THIS PAGE” once in a while but that could be my fault some how.
If you want to start a hotspot for your business or create free public nodes in your neighborhood EWRT is for you.
DD-WRT
DD-WRT turns your WRT54G from a cheap $60 router into a $200 dollar wireless router. It has more features then you can count so I will just go over the many highlights.
Right now I am using VER. 22, VER 23 is out but I have not installed it yet. VER. 23 is a BETA release. VER 23 has a whole new web interface with many more options that I have listed below. DD-WRT also has options for VOIP.
Setup Tab – Everything is pretty much the same here with the exceptions of VLANS. VLANs can divide your physical LAN into logical LANS. You will want to use this to separate network resources or prevent access to resources.
Security Tab – One of the best features of DD-WRT is that the VPN option actually works.
Access Restriction TAB – All the other firmwares have this option but I am using DD-wrt currently so I will cover them here. If you like to share your wireless connection with others but don’t want it abused you will need to set up access policies. You can block file sharing from exact applications like edonkey, you can set times to share your wireless signal, limit certain days and block websites.
Application and Gamming Tab- First you have over 30 slots to configure port forwarding…that’s a lot of different services. Next on this tab is the QOS (Quality of Service), here you can give priority of bandwidth to certain ports and MAC address.
Administration Tab – If you go all the way to the bottom you will find the option for enabling WDS/connection watch dog. This service will send out ICMP messages / ping commands to your given Access points every few minutes. If the access point you specify can’t be reached the router will reboot
In my next article I will be reviewing TINYPEAP, BATBOX and openwrt wrt54g linux firmware distros.

Sign up for the most popular wireless networking news letter on the internet. Receive the inside scoop on wireless technology for the home and work place at http://www.wirelessninja.com.

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Installing Linux on WRT54g Wireless Router

The WRT54G is a wireless router made by linksys. A few years ago linksys released its WRT54G firmware source code giving the open source community the ability to make its own versions.
Installing Linux on your wireless router has many benefits and in my opinion few risks. The one risk you do face is turning your router into a “Brick”. Now, this does seem like a big chance to take but there are many options if upgrade fails. Also, if you follow the installation instructions for each wrt54g firmware distribution you won’t have a problem.
Typical ways to “Brick” your wrt54g router are: trying to install your firmware upgrade over a wireless connection, interrupting the upgrade, and finally powering cycling during or five minutes after the upgrade.
General rules to follow are:
1. Always perform an upgrade from the original wrt54g linksys firmware not other firmware distributions.
2. Set your firmware back to factory defaults.
3. Don’t upgrade from a wireless connection.
4. Don’t turn off your router for about five minutes after the upgrade.
5. Insure your firmware is meant for your router, some firmware versions are meant for the WRT54GS (WRT54G with speed booster), and the regular wrt54g.
6. Follow the given instructions for each given firmware distribution.
7. Enable the Boot_wait function on your router. This option will give you the ability recover from a failed upgrade by using tftp to upload new firmware.
Linksys does have tools to that will let you recover from failed distributions. There are many different wrt54g firmware distrobutions to pick from. Some have specific purposes: like being used for a wireless hotspot or a radius server. Do your research before installing and always follow the exact installation instructions.

Sign up for the most popular wireless networking news letter on the internet. Receive the inside scoop on wireless technology for the home and work place at http://www.wirelessninja.com.

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Installing Wireless Access Points

Installing Multiple Wireless Access Points
1. Install one wireless Access Point to test range
2. Assign each wireless access point a unique IP address
3. Each wireless access point will have the Same SSID
4. All wireless access points will have the same encryption key
5. Point wireless antennas towards the center of the network
1. Finding your Wireless Range – Wireless access points will have a range of about 75-100ft inside, and outside (depending on your wireless antenna) miles. If you live in an older brick home your wireless signal range can be greatly reduced.. To find your wireless signal range and signal strength you will need to install one wireless access point in the middle of your work area and measure the signal. You can use a program called netstumbler to help you with this task. Once you have achived the necessary wireless signal overlap then you will be able to roam through out your work or business. Your wireless adapter software will choose the access point with the strongest signal but this will be transparent to the user
2. Unique IP -Next you will want to assign all your AP’s with a unique IP address not a dynamic IP address. Do not use the same IP adderess for each AP.
3. Configure AP’s – Configuring two or three wireleess access point is not very hard but when you have to configure more than that it can become time consuming. Thus some wireless routers will come with software that will allow you to configure one access point which will then configure all of your other access point for you.
4. Same SSID – Use the same SSID for each access point on your network. This will give you the ability to roam with out having to choose each network when you move.
5. Encryption /AuthenticationWireless Antennas – Choose which type of antenna you will need. Try to purchase directional antennas instead of using the default omni-directional antennas. Directional antennas will funnel your wireless signal towards your operational areas.
7. Placement – Try not to place your AP by outer walls. If you need to place your AP buy outside walls then try to use a reflector. This will help your signal stay inside your house as much as possible.

Join the most popular wireless networking newsletter on the internet at http://www.wirelessninja.com . Get the inside scoop on wireless communication for the home and work place.

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Wireless Network Trouble Shooting

Wireless Network Trouble Shooting
1. Wireless Adapter – First check to see if your wireless adapter is on and working properly. If you are using a PCMICA wireless adapter ensure that the card is pressed completely in. If the wireless adapter card was not plugged in when you started your laptop you may want to restart your computer for a fresh start. If you are using a laptop with a built in wireless adapter. What Wireless Network – Check the bottom right hand task bar to see if you are connected to a wireless network. Many people are connected to the wrong wireless network with a weak signal or hardly any connectivity. You want to change your wireless adapter setting to choose Infrastructure access points only so you’re not connecting to rogue wireless access points.
3. SSID and ME – Next check your wireless settings for the following: DO you have the correct SSID typed in, is your encryption key typed in correctly, does your wireless router and wireless adapter have the same security settings.
4. DHCP ME – If you don’t have a manual TCP/IP address then your wireless router needs to have it’s DHCP server turned on. Connected to your web interface and turn on your DHCP server. Next go to your wireless network icon in the bottom right hand corner and disable your wireless adapter and then enable it. This will renew your DHCP request to the routers DHCP server.
5. PING!- Next we will use a command line function called PING. Type “cmd” in the run box, this will bring up your DOS window. Now type in ping and then type in the TCP/IP addressof your default gateway. If you have not changed it your default gateway’s ip address should be 192.168.1.1 or 192.168.0.1. If you receive a reply then you know that you are connected properly to your router.
6. WWW…WHAT – Now try and surf the web. Go to google.com or another simple page. If nothing comes up then you might have a manually configured IP address with the correct DNS servers entered. Connect to your wireless routers web interface and check the status. You are looking for the multiple DNS server IP address. Copy these IP addresses into you adapters TCP/IP settings and hit ok.
7. Google ME – Once your DNS servers are entered you should be able to surf the net. If you still can’t surf the net try restarting your computer and check you cables again to make sure you haven’t missed something.

Sign up now for the most popular wireless networking news letter on the internet. Receive the inside scoop on wireless technology for the home and work place at http://www.wirelessninja.com

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Toner – Refillable Cartridges for Copiers and Printers

Refilling printer and copying cartridges appeals to me
because of the cost savings, and as a way to reduce my
contribution to the landfills. But I didn’t really know the
specifics of refilling cartridges. Today, I finally did the
research to find out the details, and found some great
sites with instructions and a way to order the products.
One site made an analogy: Throwing out your empty ink cartridge is like throwing away a tire that needs air. Thinking about it in those terms makes sense. Even though buying new cartridges was my only choice for years, it’s great to discover there are other possibilities. And these new choices offer a win-win: they
are less expensive and they make sense for the environment!
The process looks very simple. You choose a refillable
cartridge that’s compatible with your printer or copier.
Next you order the ink kit for refilling, follow their
instructions to refill your cartridges, and print!
I had planned to order a refill kit and cartridge until I
did more research, and found a site offering recycled
cartridges: http://www.myhardcopysolutions.com. This site
described the potential dangers of refilling your own
cartridges, including the possible ink mess and the
possibility you could ruin your print head by using an
improper formula for the ink.
They explain that there is no ink that can be used in every
cartridge. Inks have different drying times, filtration
levels, pigments, shades and viscosity levels.
This site also describes their process of cleaning,
inspecting, reloading and then testing used cartridges.
When you consider buying from a re-manufacturer, look at
their processes to see how they compare.
After doing the research, I know that buying a re-
manufactured cartridge is the best choice for me. It will
save me the time and effort of refilling my cartridge, and
eliminate the danger that I will ruin my print head by
using the wrong ink.
The savings for refilling cartridges are incredible, and
even buying pre-filled recycled cartridges showed a 60%
savings for my printer. The sites I found typically
advertise a 50 percent savings, so your printer or copier
may need cartridges that result in more or less savings. In any
case, though, in addition to saving money, either of these
alternatives will also help the environment.

Rachel Perrine, entrepreneur and technical writer,
contributes to Spots
Toner, offering free information and resources for all
your printing needs. Articles by Rachel are also found at
FD Electronics and
For Camera.

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Guidelines for Purchasing a Toner Cartridge

If you are in need of a toner cartridge, you may have difficulty finding precisely what you need in various stores. Nevertheless, don’t let this small nuisance dishearten you. You can easily find the toner cartridge you need online and order it from an office supply dealer on the web. In doing so, you can have your toner cartridge shipped directly to you whenever you need a new one.
You can purchase a toner cartridge, no matter what brand you are looking for. For example toner cartridges are sold that are compatible with Apple, HP, Okidata, Sharp, Brother, IBM, Panasonic, Xerox, Canon, Lexmark, Ricoh, MICR, Epson, Minolta, and Samsung product lines. All you need to do is select your model printer to locate the toner you will need and then simply place your online order for your toner cartridge. Further, some distributors warrantee their toners and it may suit you to order from such businesses as they guarantee that their products will be free of defect upon their arrival.
If you decide to purchase a toner cartridge online, you should plan accordingly. You can easily order your products but they may take several days to arrive unless you pay additional shipping fees. Therefore, to avoid additional shipping fees when you order a toner cartridge, be sure that you order your toner cartridge before you actually need it or stock up on several toner cartridges and when your supply begins to run low, purchase several more toner cartridges.
Alternatively, when you purchase a toner cartridge online, you are also afforded the opportunity to purchase remanufactured toner cartridges. Although these toners work wonderfully, there are a few things about them that you will benefit from knowing. First, in terms of how much ink remains in the cartridge, the printer will never read a remanufactured toner cartridge appropriately. For instance, even though the cartridge is full, it is likely that the printer will read that the cartridge is empty. If this fact does not bother you, then by all means, purchase a remanufactured toner cartridge. Second, remanufactured toner cartridges hold a defect rate of roughly 2 percent of all purchases. Although this percentage is small, it should help you in determining whether you want to invest in remanufactured toner cartridges.
Discounted toner cartridges are sold in abundance on the web and many websites make it extremely easy to order your toner cartridge. All you need to do is choose your brand, whether it is for a fax or copier toner, and within moments you can be ordering specially priced toner cartridges from Internet suppliers. Thus, the Internet makes your shopping simple and easy. Plus, if you are looking to save a few additional dollars, you can sell you old toner cartridges to companies that remanufacture toner cartridges that are willing to purchase them. Thus, you will make a little money back on your initial investment and therefore be able to spend your savings on a new toner cartridge in the future.

Michael Russell
Your Independent guide to Toner Cartridges

Honduras – CELL Calling Cards

Photo Printers: What Should You Be Looking For?

Choosing the right photo printer for you is somewhat a complex task if you want to choose the right match for you.
There are many things you need to take into consideration so you make sure you get your photos printed in the best possible way. When choosing a color printer there is no better way to compare than to print one of your own images on a variety of them and compare the results. Barring that, you can read reviews or ask around.
If you are looking for quality in photography, then a good specialized photo printer may not be the best fit when printing regular text. You also need to keep in mind the cost of the printer’s accessories as it is not only about the printer itself.
For example a good high quality photo printer will require a lot of ink and it’s recurring costs may soon exceed the cost of the printer.
A word on printer resolution…
When it comes to printers, resolution is not the final determinant for the quality of your final print result. This is because, each pixel on an ink-jet printer isn’t a single drop of color but a cluster of many drops. For ink-jet printers, the size of the small ink drops is more important that the dpi.
A really big secret for getting an amazing photo print not in the printer.
As amazing as that sounds, a huge difference, and something that can make drastic results on the photos you print lies in the paper you use. If you have a low cost printer and don’t really want to upgrade to a “bigshot” photo printer, then you can definetly go for this option.
Get the best paper, the special photography paper and print your photos on it, and you will be surprised of what your printer can accomplish with the right instruments.
If you are not necesarilly a profissional photographer and want to make the most of both your digital camera and your printer, then by making a small investment on a good printer ink and some great photo paper at your local print shop, and they will definetly make it worth your investment.
Next time you at someone’s birthday, you’ll be able to take as many photos as you want knowing that you’ll print them really cheap and making the most of your printer.

I have a site to help you with everything you want about printers and that also means photo printers, so feel free to visit.

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